Composite (Steel-Concrete) Shear Walls,
Seismic Behavior and Design

Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl, Ph.D., P.E. (Principal Investigator)
Qiuhong Zhao, Doctoral Graduate Student

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
University of California, Berkeley-

Sponsor: National Science Foundation (www.nsf.gov)


Please send your comments to A. Astaneh-Asl at astaneh@ce.berkeley.edu
Copyright Regents of the University of California, 2002, All rights reserved.

ABSTRACT

Cyclic Behavior and Seismic Design of Traditional and
an Innovative Composite Shear Walls

A. Astaneh-Asl and Q. Zhao
University of California, Berkeley, California, USA

In this research and development project, two composite shear wall specimens were subjected to realistic cyclic loads simulating the effects of strong earthquakes. The composite shear wall specimens consisted of a steel plate shear wall welded to a moment frame and a precast reinforced concrete wall bolted to the steel plate. The concrete wall and steel plate work together as composite element. The system is shown in Figure 1. Specimen One had the innovative concept of leaving a gap between the concrete wall and the boundary columns and beams. Specimen Two had a R/C wall completely covering the surface of steel plate shear wall and bearing against the boundary beams and columns. In the second specimen, (without the gap), the R/C wall participates in the lateral load resisting system from begining of seismic event while in the Innovative system, Specimen One, the role of R/C wall initially is only to provide bracing to steel shear wall and prevent it from premature buckling. Later, when drift values reach about 2% level, the gap around the R/C wall closes and the R/C wall also participates in providing stiffness and strength to the lateral force resisting system.
The main objectives were to establish cyclic stiffness, strength, ductility, energy dissipation characteristics and failure modes for these two composite shear wall specimens. An added objective was to use the test results and to develop design-oriented information on seismic design of systems similar to the specimens tested. Of particular interest was to compare behavior of the two specimens and to verify the Response Modification Factor, Over-strength Factor, and Displacement Magnification Factor which are cuurently given in seismic design codes such as IBC-2000 for composite shear walls.
Both specimens had a total height of 20 feet-4 inches (6.2 meters) and a center to center column distance of 7 feet. Specimen One had no gap around the concrete wall while Specimen Two had a gap of about 1.5 inches between the R/C wall and boundary beams and columns. Both specimens had three stories with two full story with two ½-stories above and below the two full stories. Both specimens were subjected to the same cyclic horizontal displacement time histories by applying a cyclic horizontal force at the top of specimens. The test results were used to establish shear-force drift hysteresis loops as well as other cyclic behavior parameters. More information on the project can be found in the Steel TIPS Report on this project.


 

PUBLICATIONS


Publications in the following list that have their title underlined, can be viewed, sent to an e-mail address or printed, free of charge, by clicking on the underlined title of the publication.
To purchase a copy of the reports in the above list (with their title NOT underlined) you can mail a cashier check ( or a check drafted in a US Bank) for $40. US Dollars, payable to "The Regents of the University of California" to: A. Astaneh, 781 Davis Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1710, USA. Please write the title of the requested report on your check or cover letter. In 3-4 weeks an offset print, a Xerox copy or a PDF version (on CD) of the report (whichever is available) will be mailed to you. The requested report will be mailed to US addresses using airmail and to addresses outside US using ground mail. If you like more information on obtaining the reports or would like expedited delivery, please send an e-mail to astaneh@ce.berkeley.edu.

05- Astaneh-Asl, A., and Qiuhong Zhao, (2002) "Cyclic Behavior of Steel Shear Wall Systems", Proceedings, 2002 Annual Stability Conference, Structural Stability Research Council, April 25-27, Seattle.
04-Astaneh-Asl, A., and Qiuhong Zhao, (200o) "Seismic Studies of an Innovative and Traditional Composite Shear Walls", Proceedings, 6th ASCCS Conference on Composite and Hybrid Structures, March 22-24, 2000, Los Angeles.
03- Astaneh-Asl, A., and Zhao, Q., (2002), "Cyclic Tests of Traditional and an Innovative Composite Shear Wall-Volume I-Experimental Results", Final Report to the Sponsor, Report Number UCB/CEE-STEEL-2002/03, Dept. of Civil and Env. Engineering, Univ. of California, Berkeley, September (Currently in progress). (To purchase a copy of this publication please see above note.)
02-Astaneh-Asl, A., (2002), " Seismic Behavior and Design of Composite Steel Plate Shear Walls, Steel TIPS Report, Structural Steel Educational Council, CA, May.( A copy of this report can be downloaded free, for personal use, by clicking on the underlined title of the report.)
01- Astaneh-Asl, A., and Zhao, Q., (2002), "Cyclic Tests of Traditional and an Innovative Composite Shear Wall-Vol. II-Appendices to Final Report-Experimental Results", Final Report to the Sponsor, Report Number UCB/CEE-STEEL-2002/03a, Dept. of Civil and Env. Engineering, Univ. of California, Berkeley, September. (This publication is not in public domain.)
00. Astaneh-Asl, A., (1998), "Seismic Studies of Traditional and an Innovative Composite Shear Wall", Proposal submitted to the Sponsor: National Science Foundation. (This publication can be found at www.nsf.gov).

RESEARCH TEAM


The study reported here was sponsored by the National Science Foundation, Directorate of Engineering, Civil and Mechanical Systems Program.. The project was part of U.S> side of the U.S. Japan Cooperative Research Program, Composite and Hybrid Structures. primary research team consisted of Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl (Professor and Principal Investigator) and Qiuhong Zhao (doctoral graduate student). The support and technical input received from the NSF Program Directors, Dr. S.C. Liu, Dr. P. Chang and Dr. P. Nelson and directors and participants of the U.S. Japan Cooperative project, particularly Professors S. Mahin and S.C. Goel were very useful, essential to success of this project and are sincerely appreciated.
The tests reported here were conducted in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of University of California at Berkeley with the participation of Dr. Marcial Blondet, William Mac Cracken, Dr. Lev Stepanov, Chris Moy, Frank Latoya, Larry Baker, Richard Parsons, Douglas Zulaica, Mark Troxler, all staff of Department laboratories. Sung Wook Cho, Judy Liu, Wendy Wang and Ricky Hwa, graduate and undergraduate students were involved in various aspects of this large scale testing. Herrick Corporation of Stockton California fabricated the test specimens in time and on budget and provided assistance in their installation.



SPONSORS

The research reported herein was conducted in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of the University of California, Berkeley and was sponsored by the National Science Foundation. The opinions expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the University of California, Berkeley, the Sponsors or other agencies and individuals whose names appear here.

DISCLAIMER

The information presented here has been prepared in accordance with recognized engineering principles and is for general information only. While it is believed to be accurate, this information should not be used or relied upon for any specific application without competent professional examination and verification of its accuracy, suitability, and applicability by a licensed professional engineer, designer or architect. The publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of any person or agency named herein, that this information is suitable for any general or particular use or of freedom from infringement of any patent or patents. Anyone making use of this information assumes all liability arising from such use. Caution must be exercised when relying upon specifications and codes developed by others and incorporated by reference herein since such material may be modified or amended from time to time subsequent to the posting of this material. The authors bear no responsibility for such material other than to refer to it and incorporate it by reference at the time of the initial posting of this document.

STEEL TIPS REPORT

Astaneh-Asl, A., (2002), " Seismic Behavior and Design of Composite Steel Plate Shear Walls (PDF file: 4.3MB), Steel TIPS Report, Structural Steel Educational Council, CA, May.

( A copy of this report can be downloaded free, for personal use, by clicking on the underlined title of the report.)

FINAL REPORT

Astaneh-Asl, A., and Zhao, Q., (2002), "Cyclic Tests of Traditional and an Innovative Composite Shear Wall-Volume I-Experimental Results", Final Report to the Sponsor, Report Number UCB/CEE-STEEL-2002/03, Dept. of Civil and Env. Engineering, Univ. of California, Berkeley, September (Currently in progress).

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